Woven fabric



A.D.E MBRY.

(No Model.)

WOVEN FABRIC.

No. 415,138. Patented-Nov. 12, 1889.

N. PETERS. Plwtulilha griphbr. Wuhingtom D. Q

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFI ABRAM D. EMERY, OF TAUNTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

WOVEN FABRIC.

SJPECIFICATION forming part of. Letters Patent No. 415,138, dated November 12, 1889.

Application filed February 28, 1888. Serial No. 265,581. (No specimens.)

To all wit/0712, i nutty concern:

Be it known that I, ABRAM D. EMERY, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Taunton, in the county of Bristol and State of Massachusetts, have invented a certain new and useful Improved Woven Fabric, of which the following is a specificationl Myinvention relates to plain one-ply woven fabrics; and it consists, generally, in forming same.

said fabric with a single breadth of chain threads and two distinct weft-threads, which cross the chain-threads in such a manner that each weft-thread occupies only a portion of each pick and is transferred to the next succeeding pick at or-about the center of the fabric.

My invention further consists in certain details in the arrangement of the threads incidental to this general disposition of the same, as will be more fully described hereinafter, and particularly point-ed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, Figure 1 is a plan view of the fabric with the threads separated and enlarged to show the arrangement of the Fig. 2 is a vertical cross-section on the line A A, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a vertical crosssection on the line B B, Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a vertical cross-section on the line C (3, Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a vertical cross-section on the line D D, Fig. 1.

For the purpose of facilitating the description, one of the weft-threads a is shown in the drawings as plain in color, and the other b is shown as shaded.

c and d indicate the chain-threads, e being the chain-thread over and under which the weft-threads cross each other at or near the center of the fabric.

As will appear from the more particular description hereinafter, the weft-threads follow each other in sequences of four-that is to say, four picks are required to complete the passage of a given Weft-thread from and back to an initial position. Considering the relative position of the threads in their various positions, it will be noticed,in the first place, that the two weft-threads maintain a regular order of over and under the chain-threads from right to left and left to right. Thus, starting from a lower right-hand side of Fig. 1 a shaded thread 1) is seen to pass over the chain-thread 0, under (Z, over 0, under d, and so on, across the fabric. The same is true of the plain weft-thread Ct next above, except that it passes first under the chain-thread c, then over d, and so on. The thread just above, which is the plain thread (1, again occupies the same position with reference to the chain-thread as the first thread traced, so

that it may be said that the chain-threads follow in sequences of two throughout the fabric, first over, then under, a given weft-thread, and any two successive weft-threads in the fabric, whether plain or shaded, being oppositely placed, so that when one is under the other is over. It will be further observed that in the passage of the Weft-threads across the fabric they are uniformly transferred at or near the center of the fabric into the next pick and into an opposite position in the fabric. This result is accomplished by the method of weaving which is made the subject of another application filed by me February 28, 1888, Serial No. 265,639.

In the fabric thus formed, as illustrated in the drawings, each pick is made up, as shown, of two distinct weft-threads, one of which fills one half the path in any given pick and the other the other half. Thus the first pick (shown in the lower half of Fig. 1 and in section in Fig. 2) is composed of a shaded thread I) on the right-hand side of the chain-thread designated by the letter 6, and of the plain thread a on the left-hand side of that chainthread. The next pick, Fig. 3, is composed of the same two threads placed in the same relative manner, but occupying opposite por-- tions of the fabric by virtue of having passed by each other at the center. The third pick, Fig. 4, likewise is made up of the same two threads, occupying the same positions in the fabric as in the second pick. In the fourth pick, Fig. 5, the threads cross over again to opposite parts of the fabric, and are in the same positions as in the first pick described. In other words, the fabric is made up of a set of chain-threads and two weft-threads, which occupy contiguous parts of the length of each pick, and in which, further1nore,the weftthreads occupy the same relative position in the fabric for two successive picks-that is to say, the two weft-threads will lie on the right hand and left hand side, respectively, of the TOO center of the fabric for two picks, and they will then exchange positions for two succes sive picks, and then exchange back into their original position for two successive picks, and so on. In other words, each weft-thread will make two passages through one half of the fabric, and then two passages through the opposite half of the fabric, and then two passages through the first half of the fabric, and so on, each passage forming a succeeding pick, from which it follows that the weftthreads are arranged in sequences of fourthat is to say, each weft-thread will be in its original position every fourth pickand the weft-threads are always oppositely placed, so that when one is on the left the other is on the right, and the threads reverse their relative positions in this respect every two picks. Furthermore, the threads in passing by each other at the center in their passage into the opposite halves of the fabric and into succeeding picks cross each otherone above and the other below-and always with a given chain-thread (designated in the drawings by the letter 6) between them, as seen in all the figures.

The relation of the weft-threads to each other of over and under in crossing is reversed at each transfer of the threads, as shown. Thus in the first transfer (shown in the lower part of Fig. 1 and in eross-section in Fig. 2) the plain thread crosses over the shaded thread, with the chain-thread e between. At the next transfer at the third pick (shown in Fig. 1 and in cross-section in Fig. 4-) the shaded thread passes over the plain thread, with the chain-thread 2 between, and so on throughout the fabric, so that in each sequence of four there are two transfers of threads and two crossings of the threads, in one of which the plain thread is over and the shaded thread under, and in the other of which the shaded thread ,is over and the plain thread under, completing the sequence. If a given weft-thread passes under the other and under the chain-thread e in passing from the center to the selvage, it will pass over in returning to the opposite selvage, and the two weft-threads in crossing are always on opposite sides of the chainthread e. In conclusion, it may be stated that the weft-threads follow in sequences of four, each pick made up of two weft-threadsin contiguous parts of the same, the threads being in the same halves of the fabric for two successive picks, and at each third pick transferred to opposite parts and to a succeeding pick, crossing each other over and under a particular chain-thread, the relation of over and under in crossing being reversed at each transfer.

\Vhat I claim as my invention is- 1. As a new article of manufacture, a plain one-ply fabric in which each pick is composed of two distinct weft-threads in single lengths, each weft-thread forming approximately a half of the length of each pick.

2. As a new article of manufacture, a plain one-ply fabric containing two distinct weftthreads in contiguous parts of the length of each pick, said weft threads being transferred at or near the center of the fabric and after each second pick to opposite contiguous parts of the succeeding pick.

As a new article of man ufacture,a plain one ply fabric containing two distinct weftthreads composing each pick and occu 'iying contiguous parts of the length thereof, the weft-threads maintaining opposite positions in the fabric for two successive picks, and being then transferred in position in the fabric for two successive picks.

4. As a new article of n1anufacture,a plain one-ply fabric containing two distinctweftthreads composing each pick and occupying contiguous parts of the length thereof, the weft-threads being transferred to opposite parts of the fabric over and under a given chain-thread at or near the center of the fabric, the weft-thread which passes. over the given chain-thread passing under the two adjoining chain-threads, and the other weftthread occupying an opposite relation to the three specified Chttllbl'lll'GfldS, thus forming a double lock around the given chain-thread.

5. As a new article of man ufaeture, a plain one-ply fabric in which each pick is composed of two distinct weft-threads occupying contiguous parts of the length thereof, the weftthreads being transferred at or near the center of the fabric and after every second pick to opposite positions in the fabric, and crossing each other one over and one under a given chain-thread.

6." As a new article of manufacture, a plain one-pl y fabric in which each pick is composed of two distinct weft-threads occupying contiguous parts of the length thereof, the weft-threads being transferred at or near the center of the fabric and after every second pick to opposite positions in the fabric, and crossing each other one over and one under a given chain-thread,the relation of over and under being reversed at each transfer.

Signed at 'launton, in the county of Bristol and State of ltlassachusettathis 525th day of February, A. D. 1888.

ABRAM D. EMERY. Witnesses:

ELISHA T. JACKSON, WILLIAM 'l. DONNELLY. 

